In all three traditions, a canon was originally a rule adopted by a church council; these canons shaped the foundation of canon law. The Old Testament dates back to 1280 BC and takes the type of ethical imperatives as suggestions for a good society. The small Greek city-state, ancient Athens, from concerning Law the eighth century BC was the first society to be primarily based on broad inclusion of its citizenry, excluding ladies and the slave class. However, Athens had no legal science or single word for “law”, relying as an alternative on the three-way distinction between divine law (thémis), human decree and custom (díkē).
Many Muslim nations have developed similar rules about authorized education and the authorized occupation, but some nonetheless permit legal professionals with training in traditional Islamic law to apply law before private standing law courts. In China and other growing countries there aren’t adequate professionally trained …